We are one race of people ALL Homo sapiens have the same ancestors

Every human being on Earth today is included in the same life form classification. Homo sapiens. We have all come from the same ancestors.

Food, fashion, housing, religious and political beliefs, imperfect bodies and minds may be seen, felt, heard, and shared in a society that is not blind, deaf, and self-denying.    

Although there is no definitive proof, scientific thought tells us that the first forefathers of modern Homo sapiens appeared in Africa six million years ago. The Homo ergaster all had dark skin pigmentation.

The Homo ergaster was a powerful runner, had smooth skin, was largely hairless, drought tolerant and a hungry meat eating hunter. From this ancient heritage new human species continued to evolve and go extinct until only one remains.

Homo sapiens is the only remaining human species. No exclusions or exceptions.

The Homo ergaster forefathers travelled long distances and some left Africa and colonised Asia.

For the adventurous travellers Asia proved to be a lush environment and these Homo ergaster evolved into the Homo erectus. In small hunter and gatherer groups they travelled from Turkey to China in open country where they competed for food and remained mobile. Fossil records propose that the Homo erectus race made the same basic hand axes for more than a million years.

Some Homo ergaster interbreed with Homo neanderthal and other archaic populations in Europe and Asia. The Homo neanderthal became extinct some 40,000 years ago. Both fossil and genetic evidence indicate that the Homo neanderthal and Homo sapiens evolved from a common ancestor between 700,000 and 300,000 years ago (not a small time frame).

Evolved Homo sapiens also left Africa some 120,000 years ago. Travelling in small groups of up to 100 people they spread out across the world some to Europe others to India, Asia, and Australia. Homo sapiens were slightly smaller and less powerful than the Homo erectus.

The super volcano eruption of Mount Toba in Southeast Asia some 75,000 years ago changed the local environment and marks the commencement of the 40,000 years it took for the dying out of the Homo erectus species.

The evolution of brainpower is what mattered in surviving. The Homo erectus brain did not devote a lot of space to the part of the brain that controls language and speech, yet Homo sapiens’ brain adaptation combined complex planning with language and the ability to spread new ideas from one individual to another.

Every human being on Earth today is included in the same life form classification. Homo sapiens. We have all come from the same ancestors.

Me, you, him, her, them, makes we. Skin deep variation among individuals, from body size and shape to skin tone and eye colour is what makes us appear different. Underneath the appearance of skin pigment and hair texture we are all the basically the same.

Every person living on Earth today comes under the genus Homo, and belongs to one modern human species, Homo sapiens. A story of resilience, adaptation and survival is revealed in fossils and written in every cell of a human body. The physical differences are actually superficial in terms of genetics. The DNA of all Homo sapiens is 99.9% identical.

DNA is an inheritance unit for all of us with a main function to store and transfer biological information and transfer information to consecutive generations. The entire story book with all the data for us to develop, grow and live.

Variations in instructions can make a difference to how a human looks, develops, or responds to its environment. Genes are long snippets or chunks of DNA. A gene is like a single page from the DNA story book with one specific record for one particular heredity function and contributes to human individuality. Most genes are the same in all people, but a small number of genes (less than 1 percent of the total) are slightly different between people.

As humans started to spread to different parts of the world, they encountered a variety of different climatic conditions and evolved new physical adaptations more suitable to those new climates. Some common physical features have been inherited from interbreeding with other ancient human species. Physical characteristics such as skin and eye colour, hair type and colour and body shape are determined by genetics but are also influenced by the environment.

Over long periods of time, the environment has affected the genes to develop particular characteristics within a population. Physical adaptations in human beings are seen in answer to extreme cold, humid heat, desert conditions, and high altitudes. Like, short, stocky builds are typical of humans living in colder climates. Extreme cold is kinder to short, round people with short arms and legs, flat faces with fat pads over the sinuses, narrow noses, and a heavier-than-average layer of body fat. Whereas moderate cold is kinder to the tall, stockily built individual with moderate body fat and a narrow nose. In hot climates the heat-adapted person in humid climates is typically tall and thin, so that they have maximum surface area for heat radiation. These people have little body fat; frequently a wide nose, and usually dark skin, which shields them from harmful solar radiation. Lighter skin allows the penetration of the sun’s UV rays; darker skin protects the body from absorbing too many UV rays. Lighter skin generates more vitamin D than darker skin.

Populations living in hot, humid climates tend to have broad, flat noses while populations living in cold, dry climates generally have smaller, longer, and narrower noses. Tight, curly hair keeps the hair off the neck and exposes more areas of the scalp than straight hair which is common in populations living in colder climates as it keeps the neck and head warm. Thick lips have a larger surface area to help evaporate moisture and cool the body. Blue eyes let in more light than darker coloured eyes. Australian natives of the Central Desert evolved the ability to drop their bodies to low temperatures without triggering shivering as an adaptation to living in a climate where it can be freezing for short periods, such as during cold desert nights.

The nation of Australia is not to be confused by the continent of Australia which includes other countries. In geology, the continent of Australia is comprised of three main touching landmasses, New Guinea, the Australian mainland, and the island state of Tasmania. The most northerly point of the continent is the northern portion of New Guinea in the tropics. The New Guinea island is separated from the Australian mainland by the shallow seas of Torres Strait and Arafura Sea. Tasmania to the south of the Australian mainland is separated by the shallow Bass Strait.

Geologically the continent extends to the edge of the continental shelf, so the now-separate lands can still be considered a continent. Moving north by about seven centimetres each year Australia is the smallest continent on Earth. Being part of the Australian Plate (known as Sahul), it is the lowest, flattest, and oldest landmass on Earth covering about 8.56 million square km with the mainland embracing about 7.7 million square km of it. During times of low sea levels the travelling distance between Timor and Sahul would have been reduced to about 90 kilometres.

The Australian Plate once formed part of the super-continent Gondwana. The Australian continent broke away about 96 million years ago. For most of its voyage, Australia, New Guinea, and Tasmania formed a single, continuous landmass. For around 40 million years the Australian continent was almost completely isolated. During this period, the continent experienced numerous changes in climate, but the overall trend was towards vaster aridity.

Approximately 125,000 years ago, the earth’s sea level was approximately 8 meters higher than it is today. During an Ice Age when water is locked up in the polar ice caps the sea level drops. Then as the climate becomes warmer, the ice melts and the sea level rises again. A natural phenomenon of our earth.

During the Pleistocene ice age, including the last glacial maximum about 18,000 years ago, sea levels were lower, and the three Australian landmasses were connected by dry land. During the past eight to ten thousand years rising sea levels overflowed the lowlands and separated the continent into today’s low-lying semi-arid mainland and the two mountainous islands of New Guinea and Tasmania.

One of the greatest achievements of early humans was the major sea crossing to reach Australia. There is no evidence of how humans arrived or where from so archaeologists will never know what craft was used or if the journey was planned or merely an accident after a bamboo raft from Asia was caught in monsoon winds. There could have been one, two, three or more Homo sapiens reach Australia in the first influx. There could have been one, two, or hundreds of raft or driftwood arrivals.

The country Australia, officially named in the constitution as the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands.

Fossil remains found in the earth surface are mineralised and do not contain living material yet buried bones still retain DNA and proteins and can therefore be studied using a range of molecular tools such as DNA sequencing.

The oldest human body remains found on mainland Australia at Lake Mungo, New South Wales, have a disputed age of somewhere between 26,000 and 40,000 years. This is at least 20,000 years after the earliest archaeological evidence of Homo sapiens activity was found in the Northern Territory.

It is unknown if Australia had any human habitation during that time.

The shortest distance to another country from mainland Australia is about 80 nautical miles or 150 km. Not a long way to travel by any stretch of the imagination.

Nothing is known about the physical appearance of the first human beings that are said to have entered the Australian continent over 60,000 years ago. Maybe redheads with green eyes. No one knows how long they hung around or if they were extinguished by natural forces such as bushfire, famine, floods, diseases, and drought.

The human body bones of ‘Lake Mungo 3’ (WLH 3) were discovered in 1974. Due to the poor preservation of the skull and pelvis, no one knows for sure if this body is male or female. After death, the body was laid out for burial and covered in red ochre. Although the evidence of gender is inconclusive, the remains are widely sensationalised as being those of a man of about fifty, of light build and anywhere between 170 to 196 centimetres in height.

Ancient DNA is easily contaminated and rarely survives for 30,000 years in conditions like those found in Australia. As contamination is so frequent, standard authentication tests need to be performed before the results are accepted. The Australian Museum in 2021 reported this testing is yet to be done in the ‘Lake Mungo 3’ case. A minimum age for the burial has not been established, only a possible maximum. Different methods of analysing DNA suggests different scenarios, showing that Mungo DNA can fall within the modern human range.

So, what does all that information about humans all being the same species, landmasses, and fossils have to do with promoting inclusion?

Is the reader a divider or a combiner? Are humans one race of people or many ‘social’ races divided into countries and religions and propaganda twists such as skin colour and personal identification with a preferred ancestral heritage tag labels? Are all Donald Trump supporters really crass and unsophisticated ‘rednecks’ (white, god-fearing, teeth missing, gun-toting, truck-driving, inbred bumpkin and racist as opposed to a farmer with a sun burned neck) or are they Homo sapiens with a political leader preference different to other people living in the same country and around the world.

Does the reader include themselves as ‘white’ or ‘black’ or ‘mixed colour’? What club/tribe does that include the reader in? Does the reader need to consider the skin of the palm of their hand and the sole of their foot which are lighter than most other skin on their body?

We are one Race. All Homo sapiens come from the same ancestors.